more Korean notes

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Lukasz Skotarek 2023-11-26 14:07:46 +01:00
parent 04aa1e7942
commit 44c6cd7600
2 changed files with 121 additions and 12 deletions

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@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ title: Korean grammar
- [And/but/therefore/so](#andbut)
- [Also/too](#also)
- [Only](#only)
- [Irregulars](#irregulars)
### Formal vs Casual {#formal}
@ -237,4 +238,17 @@ used to
Only + verb
1. verb in noun form
2. add -만 하다
2. add -만 하다
### Irregulars {#irregulars}
|ends with|change|
|---|---|
|ㅅ|remove ㅅ|
|ㄷ|ㄷ => ㄹ|
|last vowel ㅗ + ㅂ| remove ㅂ, add 오아|
|last vowel not ㅗ + ㅂ| remove ㅂ, add 우어|
|vowel in 2nd last syllable ㅏ/ㅗ + ㅡ|ㅡ => ㅏ|
|vowel in 2nd last syllable not ㅏ/ㅗ + ㅡ|ㅡ => ㅓ|
|last vowel ㅏ/ㅗ + 르|르 => ㄹ + 라|
|last vowel not ㅏ/ㅗ + 르|르 => ㄹ + 러|

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@ -28,11 +28,13 @@ from most to least formal
### Goodbye
안녕히 계세요 - literally "stay in peace". Used when person you're saying "bye" to is staying and you're leaving
안녕히 가세요 - literally "go in peace". Used when other person is leaving (regardless if you're staying or going as well).
### Sorry (apology)
those are used as an apology, not "I'm sorry to hear that"
Phrases below mean "I am sorry I did X".
from most to least formal
@ -48,7 +50,9 @@ from most to least formal
### Sorry (I'm sorry to hear that)
괜찮아질 거에요 = it's gonna be okay
너무 걱정 말아요 = don't worry too much
건강 관리 잘 해요 = take care of your health
### It's okay/I'm okay
@ -57,6 +61,7 @@ from most to least formal
### Excuse me
죄송합니다 - "excuse me"/"I'm sorry" - often used when passing through the crows of people or when bumping into someone
실례합니다 - excuse me
### Here you go
@ -69,17 +74,107 @@ from most to least formal
### See you next time
다음에 봐요
봐요 - see you
다음 - next time
에 - time marker
- 다음에 봐요
- 봐요 - see you
- 다음 - next time
- 에 - time marker
### Time
몆시 = what time
지금 = now
내일 = tomorrow
오늘 = today
어제 = yesterday
정오 = midday
자정 = midnight
- 몆시 = what time
- 지금 = now
- 내일 = tomorrow
- 오늘 = today
- 어제 = yesterday
- 정오 = midday
- 자정 = midnight
- 아까 = earlier
- 이따가 / 나중에 = later
- 이따가 집에 가고 싶어요 = I want to go home soon
- 나중에 집에 가고 싶어요 = I don't want to go home/go as late as possible
- 오래 전에 = long time ago
- -번 = -times (몇 번 = how many times)
- 자주 = often
- 얼마나 자주 = how often
- 얼마나 오래 = how long
### Days of the week
1. 월요일
2. 화요일
3. 수요일
4. 목요일
5. 금요일
6. 토요일
7. 일요일
### 계절 Season
- 봄 - spring
- 여름 - summer
- 가을 - fall, autumn
- 겨울 - winter
### This/that
#### 이 (this)
- 이 - this
- 이 물 - this water
- 이거 - this/this thing
#### 저 (that)
- 저 - that
- 저 커피 - that coffee
- 커거 - that/that thing
#### 그 (the)
- 그 - the
- 그 가방 - the bag
- 그거 - it/the one
### 날씨 Weather
- 날씨 어때요? - how is the weather?
- 하늘 - sky
- 기상예보 - weather forecast
- 첫눈 - first snow
- 화창하다 - sunny
- 흐리다 - cloudy
- 이슬비(가) 내리다/오다 - drizzle
- 바람(이) 불다 - wind/windy
- 덥다 - hot
- 따뜻하다 - warm
- 춥다 - cold
- 시원하다 - cool
- 비(가) 오다/내리다 - to rain
- 번개(가) 치다 - lightning
- 일출 - sunrise
- 일몰 - sunset
- 도 - degrees
- 13.9도 = 십삼 쩜 구 도 = 13.9C
- 저온 - low temperature
- 고온 - high temperature
- 영하 - below zero (for C)
- 습도 - humidity
- 건조하다 - dry
- 습하다 - humid
- 쌀쌀하다 - chilly
- 비가 그치다 - to stop raining
### Questions
- X + -은/는 요? - How about X?
- 누구 - who
- 누가 - which person
- 누구 예요? - who is it?
- 누가 했어요? - who did it?
- 언제 - when
- 알다 -to know
- 모르다 - to not know
- 어디 - where
- 어디 예요? - where is it?
- 네? - what?
- 뭐 - what
- 왜? - why?
- 어떻게 + verb = how + verb
- 얼마 = how much
- 얼마나 + adj = how + adj